HawkEye Evaluation
Project led by Mitch Torkelson. See Mitch’s full researchportfolio here: https://dinodiver.github.io/mitchtorkelson/.
Introduction
This ongoing project at UNCW evaluates the efficacy of the HawkEye satellite sensor in capturing ocean color (OC) imagery, specifically focusing on the Cape Fear River Estuary (CFRE) in southeastern North Carolina. Coastal and estuarine environments, which are vital for biodiversity and local economies, present unique challenges for remote sensing due to their optically complex waters. This research involves detailed comparisons of in-situ measurements with data from HawkEye and other satellite sensors to refine and enhance marine conservation and management strategies.
Methodology
Our approach leverages a multi-platform strategy that combines HawkEye satellite data with an array of other satellite-derived and in-situ “sea-truthing” chlorophyll a measurements from the CFRE. This integration allows us to assess the accuracy and utility of HawkEye in estimating chlorophyll concentrations, which are crucial for understanding estuarine dynamics.
Figure: Satellite-derived Chl a concentration in the study region for each sensor type on May 7, 2023. Parallel red lines indicate the path of in-situ data collection. A) Aqua-MODIS, B) SeaHawk-HawkEye, C) S3A-OLCI, D) S3B-OLCI.
Utilizing a 3D in-situ dataset for satellite matchup analysis can enhance satellite analysis since satellite sensors often provide a surface-level perspective, which can limit understanding of vertical variations within water bodies. Our 3D approach captures data across different depths, providing a comprehensive view that is essential for accurately interpreting satellite imagery. This depth-resolved data enables enhanced calibration and validation of satellite sensors, leading to improved accuracy in mapping and monitoring aquatic environments. The 3D dataset not only aids in understanding the spatial distribution of water quality parameters but also supports the development of models that predict ecological changes within these complex systems.
Preliminary Results
Our initial analysis indicates that HawkEye’s high-resolution sensors provide superior clarity and detail in OC data compared to traditional satellite systems. The data correlated well with in-situ measurements, particularly in areas closer to river discharges where sediment concentration changes rapidly. Enhanced imaging capabilities have allowed for more accurate detection of algal blooms and sediment plumes, critical for timely environmental response. It’s important to note that these results are preliminary and subject to further validation and refinement as more data becomes available.
Figure: Statistical metric comparison across satellite sensor types at different in-situ depth ranges for 1x1 pixel size windows.
Implications and Future Work
The preliminary findings from this study underscore the potential of advanced satellite sensors like HawkEye in improving our understanding of complex coastal waters. By providing more accurate and timely data, HawkEye can significantly aid in the management and conservation of aquatic resources. Ongoing research will focus on further integrating these insights into broader marine management practices and continuing to validate and refine our findings.
Collaboration and Resources
This research is part of a collaborative effort with the COAST Lab at UNCW. For more detailed information on methodologies and ongoing updates, please visit our GitHub Repository.
For a deeper dive into how we conduct in-situ measurements that complement our satellite data analysis, check out our detailed study on the Masonboro Inlet: In-Situ Sampling in Masonboro.
This research was presented at several conferences and gatherings, including:
· Cape Fear Astronomical Society - May 2024, UNCW, Wilmington, NC
· NC Water Resources Research Institute (WRRI) Annual Conference - March 2024, NC State Campus, Raleigh, NC
· CMS Research Showcase - February 2024, UNCW, Wilmington, NC
· CMS Research Showcase - April 2023, UNCW, Wilmington, NC